diff --git a/server/assignments/models.py b/server/assignments/models.py
index 42bdb32e..2aa6237f 100644
--- a/server/assignments/models.py
+++ b/server/assignments/models.py
@@ -9,11 +9,12 @@ from wagtail.search import index
 
 from core.constants import DEFAULT_RICH_TEXT_FEATURES
 from django.utils.translation import gettext_lazy as _
-from modelcluster.fields import ParentalKey
+
+from core.mixins import GraphqlNodeMixin
 
 
 @register_snippet
-class Assignment(index.Indexed, TimeStampedModel):
+class Assignment(index.Indexed, TimeStampedModel, GraphqlNodeMixin):
     title = models.CharField(max_length=255)
     assignment = RichTextField(features=DEFAULT_RICH_TEXT_FEATURES)
     solution = RichTextField(null=True, blank=True, features=DEFAULT_RICH_TEXT_FEATURES)
@@ -27,6 +28,10 @@ class Assignment(index.Indexed, TimeStampedModel):
     user_created = models.BooleanField(default=False)
     taskbase_id = models.CharField(max_length=255, null=True, blank=True)
 
+    @property
+    def route(self):
+        return f"module/{self.module.slug}#{self.graphql_id}"
+
     search_fields = [
         index.AutocompleteField("title"),
         index.AutocompleteField("assignment"),
diff --git a/server/assignments/schema/types.py b/server/assignments/schema/types.py
index 2ac7814d..84da9071 100644
--- a/server/assignments/schema/types.py
+++ b/server/assignments/schema/types.py
@@ -26,7 +26,7 @@ class StudentSubmissionNode(DjangoObjectType):
     def resolve_submission_feedback(root: StudentSubmission, info, **kwargs):
         user = info.context.user
 
-        if not hasattr(root, 'submission_feedback'):
+        if not hasattr(root, "submission_feedback"):
             return None
 
         # teacher path
@@ -43,6 +43,7 @@ class StudentSubmissionNode(DjangoObjectType):
 class AssignmentNode(DjangoObjectType):
     submission = graphene.Field(StudentSubmissionNode)
     submissions = graphene.List(StudentSubmissionNode)
+    path = graphene.String(required=True)
 
     class Meta:
         model = Assignment
@@ -50,16 +51,27 @@ class AssignmentNode(DjangoObjectType):
         interfaces = (relay.Node,)
 
     def resolve_submission(self, info, **kwargs):
-        return self.submissions.filter(student=info.context.user).first()  #  returns None if it doesn't exist yet
+        return self.submissions.filter(
+            student=info.context.user
+        ).first()  #  returns None if it doesn't exist yet
 
     def resolve_submissions(self, info, **kwargs):
         user = info.context.user
-        if user.has_perm('users.can_manage_school_class_content'):
-            return self.submissions.filter(student__in=user.users_in_active_school_class()).filter(final=True)
+        if user.has_perm("users.can_manage_school_class_content"):
+            return self.submissions.filter(
+                student__in=user.users_in_active_school_class()
+            ).filter(final=True)
         return []
 
     def resolve_solution(self, info, **kwargs):
-        if (info.context.user.is_teacher() or are_solutions_enabled_for(info.context.user, self.module)) and self.solution is not None:
+        if (
+            info.context.user.is_teacher()
+            or are_solutions_enabled_for(info.context.user, self.module)
+        ) and self.solution is not None:
             return self.solution
         else:
             return None
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def resolve_path(root: Assignment, info, **kwargs):
+        return root.route
diff --git a/server/books/models/chapter.py b/server/books/models/chapter.py
index 1305fb20..9332d30d 100644
--- a/server/books/models/chapter.py
+++ b/server/books/models/chapter.py
@@ -38,6 +38,10 @@ class Chapter(StrictHierarchyPage, GraphqlNodeMixin):
         SchoolClass, related_name="hidden_chapter_descriptions"
     )
 
+    @property
+    def route(self):
+        return f"module/{self.get_parent().slug}#{self.graphql_id}"
+
     def sync_title_visibility(self, school_class_template, school_class_to_sync):
         if (
             self.title_hidden_for.filter(id=school_class_template.id).exists()
diff --git a/server/books/models/contentblock.py b/server/books/models/contentblock.py
index b8d26a6b..14132123 100644
--- a/server/books/models/contentblock.py
+++ b/server/books/models/contentblock.py
@@ -161,6 +161,10 @@ class ContentBlock(StrictHierarchyPage, GraphqlNodeMixin):
     def module(self):
         return self.get_parent().get_parent().specific
 
+    @property
+    def route(self):  # path is probably used by treebeard
+        return f"module/{self.module.slug}#{self.graphql_id}"
+
     # duplicate all attached Surveys and Assignments
     def duplicate_attached_entities(self):
         duplicate_entities_func = duplicate_entities_generator(self.module)
diff --git a/server/books/models/module.py b/server/books/models/module.py
index 3f374c94..745a85f1 100644
--- a/server/books/models/module.py
+++ b/server/books/models/module.py
@@ -20,7 +20,9 @@ class ModuleLevel(models.Model):
     filter_attribute_type = models.CharField(
         max_length=16, choices=FILTER_ATTRIBUTE_TYPE, default=EXACT
     )
-    order = models.PositiveIntegerField(null=False, blank=False, default=99, help_text='Order in the Dropdown List')
+    order = models.PositiveIntegerField(
+        null=False, blank=False, default=99, help_text="Order in the Dropdown List"
+    )
 
     class Meta:
         verbose_name_plural = _("module Levels")
@@ -36,7 +38,9 @@ class ModuleCategory(models.Model):
     filter_attribute_type = models.CharField(
         max_length=16, choices=FILTER_ATTRIBUTE_TYPE, default=EXACT
     )
-    order = models.PositiveIntegerField(null=False, blank=False, default=99, help_text='Order in the Dropdown List')
+    order = models.PositiveIntegerField(
+        null=False, blank=False, default=99, help_text="Order in the Dropdown List"
+    )
 
     class Meta:
         verbose_name = _("module type")
@@ -120,6 +124,10 @@ class Module(StrictHierarchyPage):
     def get_child_ids(self):
         return self.get_children().values_list("id", flat=True)
 
+    @property
+    def route(self):
+        return f"module/{self.slug}"
+
     def sync_from_school_class(self, school_class_template, school_class_to_sync):
         # import here so we don't get a circular import error
         from books.models import Chapter, ContentBlock
diff --git a/server/books/schema/nodes/chapter.py b/server/books/schema/nodes/chapter.py
index 5669afc4..83028916 100644
--- a/server/books/schema/nodes/chapter.py
+++ b/server/books/schema/nodes/chapter.py
@@ -71,8 +71,7 @@ class ChapterNode(DjangoObjectType):
 
     @staticmethod
     def resolve_path(root: Chapter, info, **kwargs):
-        module = root.get_parent()
-        return f"module/{module.slug}#{root.graphql_id}"
+        return root.route
 
     @staticmethod
     def resolve_highlights(root: Chapter, info, **kwargs):
diff --git a/server/books/schema/nodes/content.py b/server/books/schema/nodes/content.py
index eee3617c..0de7a29a 100644
--- a/server/books/schema/nodes/content.py
+++ b/server/books/schema/nodes/content.py
@@ -120,8 +120,7 @@ class ContentBlockNode(DjangoObjectType, HiddenAndVisibleForMixin):
 
     @staticmethod
     def resolve_path(root: ContentBlock, info, **kwargs):
-        module = root.get_parent().get_parent()
-        return f"module/{module.slug}#{root.graphql_id}"
+        return root.route
 
     @staticmethod
     def resolve_highlights(root: ContentBlock, info, **kwargs):
diff --git a/server/books/schema/nodes/module.py b/server/books/schema/nodes/module.py
index 59563938..523d078b 100644
--- a/server/books/schema/nodes/module.py
+++ b/server/books/schema/nodes/module.py
@@ -58,8 +58,11 @@ class ModuleNode(DjangoObjectType):
     category = graphene.Field(ModuleCategoryNode)
     language = graphene.String()
     highlights = graphene.List("notes.schema.HighlightNode")
-    my_highlights = graphene.List("notes.schema.HighlightNode")
+    my_highlights = graphene.List(
+        graphene.NonNull("notes.schema.HighlightNode"), required=True
+    )
     my_bookmarks = graphene.List("notes.schema.BookmarkNode")
+    path = graphene.String()
 
     def resolve_chapters(self, info, **kwargs):
         return Chapter.get_by_parent(self)
@@ -134,7 +137,7 @@ class ModuleNode(DjangoObjectType):
     @staticmethod
     def resolve_my_highlights(root: Module, info, **kwargs):
         # todo: is this too expensive, query-wise
-        pages = Page.objects.live().descendant_of(root)
+        pages = list(Page.objects.live().descendant_of(root)) + [root]
         highlights = Highlight.objects.filter(user=info.context.user).filter(
             page__in=pages
         )
@@ -161,6 +164,10 @@ class ModuleNode(DjangoObjectType):
             + list(content_block_bookmarks)
         )
 
+    @staticmethod
+    def resolve_path(root: Module, info, **kwargs):
+        return root.route
+
 
 class RecentModuleNode(DjangoObjectType):
     class Meta:
diff --git a/server/books/schema/nodes/topic.py b/server/books/schema/nodes/topic.py
index 8043f0ca..f7c12c3b 100644
--- a/server/books/schema/nodes/topic.py
+++ b/server/books/schema/nodes/topic.py
@@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ class NotFound(graphene.ObjectType):
 
 class TopicNode(DjangoObjectType):
     pk = graphene.Int()
-    modules = graphene.List("books.schema.nodes.ModuleNode")
+    modules = graphene.List(graphene.NonNull("books.schema.nodes.ModuleNode"))
     highlights = graphene.List("notes.schema.HighlightNode")
 
     class Meta:
diff --git a/server/notes/schema.py b/server/notes/schema.py
index 58384f61..0ff12d6d 100644
--- a/server/notes/schema.py
+++ b/server/notes/schema.py
@@ -32,6 +32,7 @@ class NoteNode(DjangoObjectType):
 class ContentBlockBookmarkNode(DjangoObjectType):
     uuid = graphene.UUID()
     note = graphene.Field(NoteNode)
+    path = graphene.String()
 
     class Meta:
         model = ContentBlockBookmark
@@ -39,17 +40,27 @@ class ContentBlockBookmarkNode(DjangoObjectType):
         filter_fields = []
         interfaces = (relay.Node,)
 
+    @staticmethod
+    def resolve_path(root: ContentBlockBookmark, info, **kwargs):
+        return root.content_block.route
+
 
 class ModuleBookmarkNode(DjangoObjectType):
     note = graphene.Field(NoteNode)
+    path = graphene.String()
 
     class Meta:
         model = ModuleBookmark
         fields = "__all__"
 
+    @staticmethod
+    def resolve_path(root: ModuleBookmark, info, **kwargs):
+        return root.module.route
+
 
 class ChapterBookmarkNode(DjangoObjectType):
     note = graphene.Field(NoteNode)
+    path = graphene.String()
 
     class Meta:
         model = ChapterBookmark
@@ -57,6 +68,10 @@ class ChapterBookmarkNode(DjangoObjectType):
         filter_fields = []
         interfaces = (relay.Node,)
 
+    @staticmethod
+    def resolve_path(root: ChapterBookmark, info, **kwargs):
+        return root.chapter.route
+
 
 class InstrumentBookmarkNode(DjangoObjectType):
     uuid = graphene.UUID()
diff --git a/server/schema.graphql b/server/schema.graphql
index 53051102..52bc1506 100644
--- a/server/schema.graphql
+++ b/server/schema.graphql
@@ -92,6 +92,7 @@ type SurveyNode implements Node {
   answers(offset: Int, before: String, after: String, first: Int, last: Int): AnswerNodeConnection!
   pk: Int
   answer: AnswerNode
+  path: String!
 }
 
 type ModuleNode implements ModuleInterface {
@@ -130,8 +131,9 @@ type ModuleNode implements ModuleInterface {
   snapshots: [SnapshotNode]
   language: String
   highlights: [HighlightNode]
-  myHighlights: [HighlightNode]
+  myHighlights: [HighlightNode!]!
   myBookmarks: [BookmarkNode]
+  path: String
 }
 
 interface ModuleInterface {
@@ -161,7 +163,7 @@ type TopicNode implements Node {
   """The ID of the object"""
   id: ID!
   pk: Int
-  modules: [ModuleNode]
+  modules: [ModuleNode!]
   highlights: [HighlightNode]
 }
 
@@ -360,6 +362,7 @@ type ContentBlockBookmarkNode implements Node {
   note: NoteNode
   uuid: UUID
   contentBlock: ContentBlockNode!
+  path: String
 }
 
 type NoteNode implements Node {
@@ -379,6 +382,7 @@ type ModuleBookmarkNode {
   user: PrivateUserNode!
   note: NoteNode
   module: ModuleNode!
+  path: String
 }
 
 type ChapterBookmarkNode implements Node {
@@ -387,6 +391,7 @@ type ChapterBookmarkNode implements Node {
   user: PrivateUserNode!
   note: NoteNode
   chapter: ChapterNode!
+  path: String
 }
 
 type ChapterNode implements Node & ChapterInterface {
@@ -499,6 +504,7 @@ type AssignmentNode implements Node {
   taskbaseId: String
   submissions: [StudentSubmissionNode]
   submission: StudentSubmissionNode
+  path: String!
 }
 
 """
@@ -963,7 +969,7 @@ type InstrumentNodeEdge {
 }
 
 type ActivityNode {
-  topics: [TopicNode]
+  topics: [TopicNode!]
 }
 
 """Debugging information for the current query."""
diff --git a/server/surveys/models.py b/server/surveys/models.py
index 3e157fc3..e0a1e25e 100644
--- a/server/surveys/models.py
+++ b/server/surveys/models.py
@@ -5,9 +5,11 @@ from wagtail.snippets.models import register_snippet
 from wagtail.search import index
 from modelcluster.fields import ParentalKey
 
+from core.mixins import GraphqlNodeMixin
+
 
 @register_snippet
-class Survey(models.Model, index.Indexed):
+class Survey(models.Model, index.Indexed, GraphqlNodeMixin):
     title = models.CharField(max_length=255)
     module = models.ForeignKey(
         "books.Module",
@@ -18,6 +20,10 @@ class Survey(models.Model, index.Indexed):
     )
     data = JSONField()
 
+    @property
+    def route(self):
+        return f"module/{self.module.slug}#{self.graphql_id}"
+
     search_fields = [
         index.AutocompleteField("title"),
         index.AutocompleteField("module__meta_title"),
diff --git a/server/surveys/schema.py b/server/surveys/schema.py
index 9e5cdc37..f67efe45 100644
--- a/server/surveys/schema.py
+++ b/server/surveys/schema.py
@@ -23,6 +23,7 @@ class AnswerNode(DjangoObjectType):
 class SurveyNode(DjangoObjectType):
     pk = graphene.Int()
     answer = graphene.Field(AnswerNode)
+    path = graphene.String(required=True)
 
     class Meta:
         model = Survey
@@ -39,6 +40,11 @@ class SurveyNode(DjangoObjectType):
         except Answer.DoesNotExist:
             return None
 
+    @staticmethod
+    def resolve_path(root: Survey, info, **kwargs):
+        return root.route
+
+
 class SurveysQuery(object):
     survey = graphene.Field(SurveyNode, id=graphene.ID())
     surveys = DjangoFilterConnectionField(SurveyNode)
diff --git a/server/users/schema/types.py b/server/users/schema/types.py
index 7095160e..be2809b2 100644
--- a/server/users/schema/types.py
+++ b/server/users/schema/types.py
@@ -242,4 +242,4 @@ class UpdateError(graphene.ObjectType):
 
 
 class ActivityNode(graphene.ObjectType):
-    topics = graphene.List("books.schema.nodes.TopicNode")
+    topics = graphene.List(graphene.NonNull("books.schema.nodes.TopicNode"))